A | Pyongyang's assumptions with regard to Washington's potential role in the COVID-19 pandemic apparently stem from a bombshell report by professors Jeffrey D Sachs and Neil L Harrison, published in May 2022 by peer-reviewed multidisciplinary scientific journal, The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS).,"Prof Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University had spent two years as chairman of the Lancet Commission on COVID and recently published a major paper in the prestigious PNAS journal arguing that the virus was very likely artificial, also calling for an independent inquiry into its possible American origins, but virtually all western media outlets ignored his dramatic reversal," says Ron Unz, an American technology entrepreneur, political activist, writer and the publisher of the Unz Review.,On 27 May, Sachs and Harrison released an op-ed for Project Syndicate, arguing that US authorities suppressed inquiries into the role US scientific research institutions may have played in creating the conditions of the COVID pandemic. "Yet if the coronavirus did indeed come from a lab, US culpability is almost certain," the professors insisted, calling for independent probes "not only into the outbreak in Wuhan, China, but also into the relevant US scientific research, international outreach, and technology licensing in the lead-up to the pandemic.",According to Sachs and Harrison, "the full story of the outbreak could involve America’s role in researching coronaviruses and in sharing its biotechnology with others around the world." The professors pointed out that "US scientists who work with SARS-like coronaviruses regularly create and test dangerous novel variants" to develop drugs and vaccines against them. These experiments, also known as "gain-of-function" research, have been conducted for decades prompting concerns that one day they could lead to an accidental outbreak or end up in the wrong hands, the scholars highlighted.,"In June, [Sachs] went even further in his public statements at a Spanish think-tank, describing the COVID virus as probably having an American origin," notes Unz. "In my opinion, Prof Sachs is merely stating what many senior figures in the West quietly believe or suspect but have been unwilling to mention publicly.",Situation in UkraineUS Has Helped Support 46 Biological Labs in Ukraine Over Last Two Decades, Pentagon Says9 June, 17:19 GMT,An Accidental Leak or a Warfare Tool?,America's experiments with viruses and dangerous pathogens have triggered concerns in Russia and China over the past few years. On 13 May 2020, Russia's Minister of Foreign Affairs Sergei Lavrov drew attention to a "dense network" of US biolabs located "along the perimeter of the Russian Federation and near Chinese borders".,Earlier this year, Beijing urged Washington to disclose the information about the activities of at least 360 biolabs in the world, presumably run by the US.,Since 2001, Russia, China, and many other countries have advocated the creation of a verification mechanism within the framework of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling of Bacteriological (Biological) and Toxin Weapons and on their Destruction to ensure biosafety across the world. Nonetheless, the US was "about the only country" which has categorically opposed this proposal for roughly 20 years, Lavrov revealed in 2020.,"Over the past 70 years, America has invested an estimated $100Bln in developing the world's largest and longest-standing biowarfare program," says Unz.,Situation in UkraineWhat's Behind Washington's Denial of Biowarfare Weapons Programme in Ukraine?12 March, 15:50 GMT,The American publisher suggested that the US could be responsible for the COVID outbreak long before Sachs and Harrison did. Furthermore, Unz does not rule out that the pathogen was used as a deliberate biowarfare tool against China and, possibly, Iran by "elements of [the US] national security establishment, though without the direct knowledge or authorization of President Donald Trump.",There are a lot of unknowns about the mysterious pandemic which is believed to have come from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, China. For instance, neither a COVID-19 "patient zero" nor a "guilty bat" have been found, which means that SARS-CoV-2 may actually have been circulating among humans some time before the late 2019 Wuhan outbreak, according to CBS News.,In April 2020, ABC News broke the story that a special medical intelligence unit within the US Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) in the second week of November 2019 produced a classified report warning about an "out-of-control disease epidemic" in the Wuhan area of China. It urged the US to protect its forces in Asia. Although a Pentagon spokesman officially denied the existence of that November report, Israel's broadcaster Channel 12 said the US had also shared the document in question with NATO and Israeli Defense Force (IDF).,It appears suspicious, according to Unz, that the DIA rushed to dub the mysterious disease an "epidemic" at a time when just a couple of dozen individuals were infected in Wuhan.,"It therefore appears that elements of the Defense Intelligence Agency were aware of the deadly viral outbreak in Wuhan more than a month before any officials in the Chinese government itself," Unz points out. "Furthermore, the New York Times and CNN have also promoted a major new research study just published in Science that found the first Wuhan infection probably occurred on 18 November 2019. This was after the secret DIA report had already been produced, but the American media has completely ignored the implications of this striking discrepancy.",Yet another strange coincidence was Donald Trump's appointment of Robert Kadlec as the top official for dealing with biological threats in 2017, the American writer says. Since the Nineties, Kadlec had been one of America’s leading biowarfare advocates.,"From January to August 2019, Kadlec’s department ran the 'Crimson Contagion' simulation exercise, involving the hypothetical outbreak of a dangerous respiratory viral disease in China, which eventually spreads to the United States, with the participants focusing on the necessary measures to control it in this country," Unz says, adding that before that China had suffered two inexplicable viral epidemics which hit its poultry and pork industry in 2018 and 2019, respectively.,Situation in UkraineUkraine Labs: Bioweapons Can be Used as Tool in US Low-Level War Against Russia, ex-DoD Analyst Says15 April, 12:51 GMT,History of Pentagon's Bio-warfare,Although the Pentagon's alleged responsibility for the COVID outbreak has yet to be examined and backed by solid evidence, one must admit that Washington is no novice where biological warfare is concerened.,The US was accused of using germ weapons against Korea during the Korean War (1950-1953) and China based on the testimony of at least 38 US military pilots.,In August 2021, Xinhua quoted witnesses and historians describing how the Pentagon used germ bombs in civilian areas in China and Korea to spread dozens of species of poisonous insects and germs.,And Havana leveled accusations against the Pentagon over the dengue epidemic in Cuba that contaminated 345,000 people in 1981 and an artificial outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) that led to the slaughter of 500,000 animals and inflicted considerable economic damage on the island nation in 1971. The US Department of Defense denied the allegations.,"Over the years highly regarded and fully mainstream American journalists and academics have published books and articles documenting America's extensive use of biowarfare during the Korean War and later as anti-food supply attacks against Cuba, East Germany, and other countries," notes Unz.,Recently, Russia's Ministry of Defense has revisited cases pertaining to the US history of biological warfare, while examining a trove of highly sensitive documents shedding light on the Pentagon's experiments with highly contagious pathogens in Ukraine. According to the MoD, the Pentagon's Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) division ran a network of biological labs in Ukraine with the aim of inflicting damage on Russia's people and economy.,"I'm certainly aware of the Russian Ministry of Defense public claims regarding the Pentagon's involvement in Ukrainian biolabs, and the preparation of possible biowarfare attacks against Russia," says Unz. "I don't have any special knowledge of this issue, but the apparent public admission by [Undersecretary of State] Victoria Nuland at a US Senate hearing convinced me that there was a high likelihood that these Russian accusations were correct.",Unz argues that "American military plans for biowarfare attacks against Russia dramatically increase the likelihood that similar measures had been prepared against China and Iran, and perhaps actually carried out by rogue elements of the Trump Administration." Although US secretive biological programs and the Pentagon's overseas biowarfare labs have been triggering further suspicions, the topic still remains largely neglected and suppressed by western mainstream media.。
B | 8月26日消息，三星宣布，全球首次研发出面向移动端及端侧AI设备的下一代内存——LPDDR-PIM，该技术将运算功能集成于移动内存中，可有效提升AI处理速度并降低功耗。
在美国斯坦福大学举行的半导体学术会议Hot Chips 2026上，三星相关负责人首度公开展示了LPDDR5X-PIM的结构、规格及验证结果——该产品本月初刚在FMS 2026内存会议上斩获下一代内存奖项，但详细参数直到此次会议才正式披露。 PIM（内存内运算）技术通过在内存中嵌入运算单元，使部分计算可直接在内存内部完成，无需像传统架构那样将数据频繁搬运至CPU或GPU再传回内存。 对于AI运行而言，数据搬运是主要性能瓶颈之一，应用PIM后，简单运算就近处理，从而在提升速度的同时显著降低功耗。
C |
在测试环节，三星以参数规模达80亿的Meta开源AI模型Llama 3.1为基准，结果显示LPDDR5X-PIM的处理时间为5.4秒，较普通LPDDR5X的12.3秒快了约2.3倍；每秒令牌处理量达81.3 TPS，为现有产品27 TPS的三倍。 事实上，三星早在2021年便公布了面向高带宽内存的HBM-PIM技术并完成开发验证。此次将PIM落地于智能手机等移动设备广泛采用的LPDDR低功耗内存，正是顺应大语言模型向小型化、高效化演进的新趋势。
D | 相关负责人指出，虽然HBM是目前AI内存的标准方案，但并非所有场景都非它不可，LPDDR-PIM兼具高带宽与低功耗，为端侧AI开辟了新的可能。
随着生成式AI直接在智能手机、PC等终端设备上运行的端侧AI趋势不断扩展，LPDDR-PIM的应用前景持续看涨——电力与空间受限的移动设备，亟需在提升AI算力的同时严控功耗。 在兼容性方面，该产品沿用与通用LPDDR相同的阵列设计，无需大幅改动系统即可部署。目前，三星正提供软件开发工具包和模拟器等资源，积极推动生态建设。 继LPDDR5X-PIM之后，三星已启动LPDDR6-PIM的标准化工作，AI内存竞争正从以HBM为中心的数据中心，延伸至智能手机和PC等端侧领域，内存也正从单纯的数据存储设备，向直接参与运算的关键组件演进。
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