A | 一方小餐堂，温养长者幸福“食”光。 GUATEMALA CITY -- One of the leaders of the nationwide protests against efforts to undermine Guatemala’s elections that have paralyzed much of the country’s commerce for nearly two weeks is a young one-time law student who now heads up one of the country’s most important Indigenous organizations.While Guatemala President Alejandro Giammattei tries to draw President-elect Bernardo Arévalo into a dialogue aimed at ending the protests, Luis Pacheco says that it isn’t Arévalo’s call to make and that Giammattei could end them by meeting their demands.Guatemala has been roiled throughout much of this year’s election cycle and even a resounding victory by Arévalo in August did not calm it. The academic and former diplomat ran on a platform of battling corruption that observers say has unnerved Guatemala’s entrenched power structure.This month's protests have been the largest public display rejecting the administration's questioning of the election. Protesters have peacefully blocked key roadways at more than 100 points across the country. Giammattei this week made clear his intention to clear them by force if necessary.The protesters have made Attorney General Consuelo Porras the target of their ire. Since Arévalo was the surprise second-place finisher in an initial round of voting in June, her office has pursued investigations related to how Arévalo's Seed Movement party collected signatures required to register years earlier and multiple investigations related to the election itself.For Pacheco and the 48 Indigenous communities he represents northwest of Guatemala’s capital, the solution is simple: Porras, one of her prosecutors and a judge who suspended Arévalo’s party have to go.“We’re not asking for something that can’t be done, we are not asking for constitutional reforms, which would be more complicated,” Pacheco said late Tuesday. He stood a block from one of the roadblocks in Guatemala City, holding the wooden staff that signals his position and his customary wide-brimmed hat and shoulder bag. His manner of speaking was measured and calm.Pacheco said the galvanizing moment for the K’iche’ people he represents was a raid on electoral offices broadcast live in which federal agents opened and took away — despite resistance from some electoral officials — boxes containing precinct vote tally sheets. “The people already voted and you have to respect the decision taken,” he said.“We know that they don’t want to lose the power they have,” Pacheco said.The protests have been largely peaceful. Demonstrators allow ambulances to pass, as well as trucks carrying basic food stuffs and gasoline. “We don’t want to kill ourselves as people,” he said. “What we want to show is that we want to defend and take back democracy.”Pacheco cited Atanasio Tzul, an Indigenous leader who led an uprising in 1820 demanding rights, as an influence.Álvaro Pop, former chairman of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, said that what is happening now in Guatemala is the end of a cycle in which the government has tried to eliminate or transform the protest.In 2015, thousands of Guatemalans took to the streets, eventually forcing then-President Otto Pérez Molina to resign over corruption allegations. In 2020, Giammattei violently put down protests against his administration.Guatemalans are much more conscious than in previous years of the pervasive corruption in their government, Pop said, in large part because of the years of work by a U.N.-backed anticorruption mission.“The Indigenous peoples (call for the protests) because they are the ones with the moral standing to do so and that is why there is a response and support, but there is the risk that the protests are undermined by racism,” Pop said.Pacheco, mayor of the town of Juchanep, will only hold the rotating post of president of the 48 cantons for a year, but is aware that his role in the protests could lead to persecution.Recently, a far-right activist closely aligned with Porras filed a complaint against Pacheco alleging damage committed by protesters. Often this is a prelude to criminal charges.“We’re not here on behalf of a political party, we’re not defending Arévalo so he can assume the presidency, no one else decided this,” Pacheco said. “Not even if Arévalo told us to stop the protests, we’re not going to do it. The negotiation is between the Indigenous peoples and the government.”。 截至目前，全国共有8.2万家老年助餐点，每天为400万余人次老年人提供助餐服务。这是记者8月25日从民政部在湖北武汉举行的“民政系民生 服务暖民心”之“颐养助老”主题活动上获悉的。 8月25日中午，武汉青山区青宜居社区“好味到”食堂内，部分老年人正在排队点餐。记者 朱高祥 摄 25日中午，武汉青山区青宜居社区“好味到”食堂饭香渐浓。这个社区老龄化率约为30%，在此就餐的老年人每餐可享受2元补贴，不到10元就能吃到荤素搭配的饭菜。随着服务员一声吆喝，社工拎起保温箱推门而出——几份热饭，要送到腿脚不便的老人家中。
B | 这是全国上万家老年助餐点的缩影。 2023年10月，民政部等11部门联合印发《积极发展老年助餐服务行动方案》，明确到2026年底，全国城乡社区老年助餐服务覆盖率进一步提升，服务网络更加完善，多元供给格局基本形成。 2024年至2025年，中央财政资金累计投入6亿元予以支持。各地将发展老年助餐服务作为为民办实事的重要举措，将其纳入“一刻钟便民生活圈”统筹规划。 湖北武汉将助餐服务纳入特殊困难老年人服务补贴范围，累计惠及6.65万老年人；海南海口运营66家长者饭堂，实现镇街全覆盖，累计服务老年人150余万人次；江苏盐城利用农村闲置校舍等资源，改造提升115个助餐点…… 华中科技大学社会学院教授郭林认为，对独居、空巢、高龄、失能老年人而言，助餐服务既缓解了“做饭难”“吃饭难”的燃眉之急，也打开了“链接社会”的精神窗口，减轻子女照料压力。 老年助餐，是检验“孝亲敬老”的试金石。 “这是一项由政府负责、部门协同、社会参与、家庭尽责共同推进的系统性民生工程。”中国人民大学人口与健康学院副教授谢立黎认为，其成效与温度，正是全社会孝亲敬老的真实写照。 支持社会餐饮企业增设“老年餐桌”，指导建立“以奖代补”“口碑排行”激励机制，发动电商、物流、志愿者等各类力量送餐……从“推己及人”的道德期许到“四方协同”的制度安排，助餐服务正将“老吾老以及人之老”化为可感可及的守护。 老年助餐，同样标定养老服务升级的真实刻度。 从“吃得饱”到“吃得顺心”再到“吃得健康”，助餐服务升级迭代，正为养老服务高质量发展注入新活力。 放眼全国，各地积极探索数字化赋能，推广“线上点餐+社区配送”“无感支付”等智慧服务，不断提升老年人的就餐体验。
C | 同时，注重食品安全和属地监管责任，推行“互联网+明厨亮灶”，全力守护老年人“舌尖上的安全”。 “下一步，民政部将会同相关部门，持续优化政策措施，用好中央财政资金，激活经营主体活力，推动更多社会力量参与，切实把这项民生实事办到老年人的心坎上。”民政部养老服务司副司长孙文灿表示。 策划：陈芳 记者：朱高祥、饶饶 国内部出品。
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