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Why Ethiopia’s Massive Nile Dam Project Has Spilled Over Into Regional Tensions_我的网站

一 |     原标题：“营造风清气正的政治生态”(总书记的人民情怀)                              视频：总书记的人民情怀丨“营造风清气正的政治生态”来源：人民日报               　　营造良好的政治生态，是我们党的优良传统和政治优势。    Under construction since 2011, the GERD project is one of the largest public infrastructure projects in Ethiopia, and will be the biggest hydroelectric power plant on the African continent once finished next year.,The third phase of the filling of a massive reservoir, capable of holding up to 74 billion cubic meters of water, was completed this week, with two of the dam’s planned 16 turbines now operational. When construction is finished, the dam will be capable of generating some 6,000 megawatts of power – more than double the average output of a WER-1000 nuclear reactor.,AfricaWATCH Water Pour Over Spillway on Ethiopia’s GERD Hydroelectric Dam After Finishing Third FillingYesterday, 22:33 GMT,In a ceremony inaugurating the project on Friday, Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed stressed that the dam was Ethiopia’s “gift,” and that it was “Ethiopia’s responsibility to use it” together with the other two Nile Basin countries - Egypt and Sudan.,“PM @AbiyAhmedAli reiterated that Ethiopia is working to ensure the benefits of the lower basin countries, saying that our Abbay River [Ethiopia’s term for the Blue Nile, one of the two major tributaries of the Nile] takes what it deserves while passing on what others deserve,” the prime minister’s office tweeted following the ceremony.,PM @AbiyAhmedAli reiterated that Ethiopia is working to ensure the benefits of the lower basin countries, saying that our Abbay River takes what it deserves while passing on what others deserve. He also congratulated all Africans on this milestone. (2/2) pic.twitter.com/Be9WtrHczO— Office of the Prime Minister - Ethiopia (@PMEthiopia) August 12, 2022,Just Deserts,The question of which country “deserves” what has been the subject of considerable consternation and debate between the three nations, as has the dam’s potential environmental impact, with Cairo and Khartoum fearing the filling of the 145 meter tall, 1.8 km long dam could threaten the region with droughts and floods. Last month, Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry warned that Cairo would defend its interests using “all means available” at its disposal, and called on the United Nations Security Council to negotiate a legally binding agreement between Egypt, Ethiopia and Sudan on regulating the dam’s operation. Egyptian President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi earlier called the GERD dispute a “red line” security issue.,Ethiopian Ambassador to Russia Alemayehu Tegenu dismissed these concerns, telling Sputnik last month that Egypt and Sudan were trying to “internationalize and politicize the dam to solve their internal affairs” and assuring that the dam “has no significant harm” for the downstream nations.,WorldEgypt, Sudan Politicising Renaissance Dam Construction, Ethiopian Diplomat Says27 July 2021, 08:23 GMT,Nile River: Giver of Life,Stretching some 6,695 km and covering over 3.3 million square km, the Nile is the longest river in the world, and has played a significant role in regional civilizational development going back to the Ancient Egyptians owing to the rich soil perfect for agriculture created by its annual flooding, and its use as a tool for regional river navigation. Ethiopia’s Blue Nile tributary accounts for a whopping 85 percent of the Nile’s total waters.,Egypt, which receives almost no rainfall, relies on the Nile for more than 90 percent of its freshwater, with eastern Sudan similarly dependent on the river for its economic wellbeing and water and food security.,Legacy of Colonial Meddling,Part of the difficulty of regulating the dispute over the Nile is the lack of a regional agreement regulating the waters’ flow. Addis Ababa is not a party to the 1959 bilateral treaty between Egypt and Sudan dividing the Nile’s waters.,A separate 1929 Nile Waters Treaty between Britain and its then-puppet state of Egypt, plus the territories of what are now Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and Sudan provided Cairo the right to veto infrastructure projects up the Nile if they threatened to impact the country’s interests. However, that treaty similarly didn’t apply to Ethiopia, which managed to survive as the only independent nation in Africa after the European imperialist scramble for the continent in the 19th century, and which was never consulted on the agreement’s terms.,Russia’s Position,As a strategic partner of both Ethiopia and Egypt, Russia has sought to assure the dam dispute’s peaceful and mutually amenable resolution, with Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov indicating in 2021 that Moscow would be ready to provide technical assistance for any negotiations on the matter. Russia also supports the use of the African Union platform to resolve the crisis.,Also last year, Russian Ambassador to the UN Vassily Nebenzia called on the three countries to stick to the terms of the 2015 Declaration of Principles on the GERD, which urged consensus in reaching an agreement on guidelines for the dam’s filling and operation, and committing Ethiopia to avoid steps which could harm its downstream neighbors. “At the same time, we note legitimate concerns of Egypt and Sudan over the possible negative impact that unconstrained functioning of the dam may produce on the populations of those countries in drought prone years,” he said.,The 2015 agreement and efforts at the African Union and UN levels mean that a baseline for a breakthrough and compromise exists. However, amid regional and global concerns about food and water security, and the threats posed by increasingly prevalent climate disasters and extreme weather events, the GERD dispute comes during a period of heightened regional and global tensions.,In 2021, Africa and Middle East intelligence analysis group Pangea-Risk warned that an all-out water war between Ethiopia, Egypt, Sudan, or their proxies was becoming increasingly probable in the face of dwindling options for a mediated solution.。7月30日召开的中共中央政治局会议强调：“以党的政治建设为统领，全面推进党的各方面建设，充分激发全党积极性主动性创造性，不断实现党的自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高”。

二 | 8月22日举行的二十届中央纪委六次全会指出，“牢固树立和践行正确政绩观，加强政治监督，深化政治巡视，严明换届纪律，坚定不移正风肃纪反腐，持续深化群众身边不正之风和腐败问题集中整治”。         　　“营造风清气正的政治生态”，是加强党的政治建设的基础性、经常性工作。习近平总书记对此高度重视，指出：“政治生态好，干部队伍就会风清气正、心齐气顺，社会风气就会积极向上、充满正能量。

三 | ”          　　自然生态要山清水秀，政治生态也要山清水秀。持续营造风清气正的政治生态，让清正廉洁的新风正气充盈全党全社会，激发党员干部干事创业积极性，为推进中国式现代化汇聚力量。

四 |          　　全面从严治党、勇于自我革命，坚决铲除政治生态污染源。         　　“腐败污染政治生态，破坏发展环境，必须严厉惩治。”今年1月，习近平总书记在省部级主要领导干部学习贯彻党的二十届四中全会精神专题研讨班上的讲话中强调。

五 |          　　“一个政党，一个政权，其前途命运取决于人心向背。人民群众反对什么、痛恨什么，我们就要坚决防范和打击。人民群众最痛恨腐败现象，我们就必须坚定不移反对腐败。”          　　得罪千百人、不负十四亿，饱含着全面从严治党、勇于自我革命的决心。

六 |          　　党的十八大后，刀刃向内的自我革命雷霆万钧。

七 | “打虎”“拍蝇”“猎狐”，中央纪委国家监委连续154个月公布全国查处违反中央八项规定精神问题汇总情况，去年党纪政务处分26万余人。         　　反腐败永远吹冲锋号，我们党驰而不息加强作风建设。今年春节团拜会上，习近平总书记指出：“党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争取得显著成效，政治生态和社会风气持续向好。”                    　　管党治党、兴党强党，营造风清气正的政治生态。

八 |          　　“浇风易渐，淳化难归。”净化政治生态同修复自然生态一样，绝非一朝一夕之功，需要综合施策、协同推进。         　　阐明党内同志交往原则和亲清政商关系，总书记言之谆谆：“推动形成清清爽爽的同志关系、规规矩矩的上下级关系、亲清统一的新型政商关系，当好良好政治生态和社会风气的引领者、营造者、维护者。”          　　选人用人是风向标，直接影响着政治生态走向，总书记强调：“以用人环境的风清气正促进政治生态的山清水秀。”          　　揭示涵养政治生态的必要条件，总书记讲得深入浅出：“党内政治生活、政治生态、政治文化是相辅相成的，政治文化是政治生活的灵魂，对政治生态具有潜移默化的影响。

九 | ”          　　既清肌体之毒，也补精神之钙，总书记态度坚决：“旗帜鲜明抵制和反对关系学、厚黑学、官场术、‘潜规则’等庸俗腐朽的政治文化，不断培厚良好政治生态的土壤。”          　　把握政治生态与发展环境的辩证统一，总书记在党的二十届四中全会第二次全体会议上深刻指出：“通过党的自我革命，弘扬新风正气、纠治顽瘴痼疾，营造良好政治生态，激励干部担当作为，凝聚民心民力，就能为经济社会发展源源不断注入正能量。

十 | ”          　　在习近平党建思想科学指引下，风清气正的党内政治生态不断形成和发展，开辟了百年大党自我革命新境界。         　　树立和践行正确政绩观，自觉做良好政治生态的有力促进者。         　　人人是环境，个个是生态。         　　“看一个地方党的领导和党的建设水平高不高，一个重要方面就是看政治生态好不好。”去年3月，习近平总书记在云南考察时叮嘱，“以自身模范行动推动政治生态持续净化。”          　　正确政绩观与良好政治生态互为表里，“自觉做良好政治生态的有力促进者”，对增强树立和践行正确政绩观的思想自觉和行动自觉提出了更高要求。         　　牢牢站稳人民立场，既是涵养风清气正政治生态的根本要求，也是树立和践行正确政绩观的价值原点。         　　习近平总书记率先垂范，亲自引领，具象到一位位楷模、英雄，具象到干部的正确政绩观。

十一 | 在陕西延安革命纪念馆，总书记驻足、端详、凝思，“把屁股端端地坐在老百姓的这一面”“只见公仆不见官”；在福建东山县谷文昌纪念馆，总书记语重心长：“‘为官一任，造福一方’，只有走这条路，才是人间正道。”          　　保持风清气正的政治生态是一项长期任务。时刻保持清醒和坚定，锲而不舍、持续推动、久久为功，政治生态定会“青山常在、绿水长流”。         　　策划：王斌来 薛原          　　监制：杨学博 陈振凯 余荣华          　　统筹：李翔 张世悬 朱利 巩晗          　　视频：巩晗 刁潍 黄琴          　　编辑：钱一彬 吴玥 徐杭燕          　　海报：刁潍 黄琴          　　审校：吴玥          　　记者：戴林峰 刘雨瑞          　　来源：人民日报 【编辑:徐世傲】。

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Published on:07:09:21