极限挑战

After the desert turns green, harder work begins_我的网站

一 |     

    Shi Jianyang (L) and his grandfather check the growth of crops on a farmland near a forest area along the Maowusu Desert in northwest China's Shaanxi Province in 2026.(Xinhua)A drone sweeps above the pine forest, sending images of the woods to a screen below. Under the trees stands Shi Jianyang whose grandfather and hundreds of villagers came 40 years ago with shovels and saplings to stop advancing sand.
At 29, Shi belongs to a new generation of desert-control workers equipped with drones, machines and remote irrigation systems. An earth auger can now do in a day what once required about 200 laborers, while a single phone can control drip irrigation across more than 1,000 mu (about 66.67 hectares) of woodland.
For the older Shi's generation, the challenge was getting trees to survive in moving dunes. For the grandson, it is figuring out how to make those forests healthier and more resilient for decades to come.
Their story captures a broader shift in desert control along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert in northwest China's Shaanxi Province: turning shifting sand into forest was only the beginning.
In 1986, Shi Guangyin, Shi Jianyang's grandfather, led more than 300 villagers into Langwosha, a sandy area in Dingbian County in Yulin City. He had raised 60,000 yuan (about 17,377 U.S. dollars at the time) by selling his family's 84 sheep and borrowing from relatives and banks to contract 3,500 mu of barren sandy land.
The early setbacks were severe. Strong winds destroyed about 90 percent of the saplings in the first year, and about 80 percent of those planted the following year failed to survive.
After seeking advice from forestry experts, Shi and the villagers laid out checkerboard-shaped barriers on windward slopes to hold the sand in place, then planted trees, shrubs and grasses within them. Sapling survival rates rose to about 80 percent.
Over the next four decades, Shi and those working alongside him treated 250,000 mu of sandy and saline-alkali land, with more than 53 million trees and shrubs taking root.
Greening the Maowusu Desert is part of a much larger national undertaking. It is one of the three major battlefronts of China's Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, a decades-long effort to curb desertification across northern China.
China has made desertification control a national ecological priority. Since 2023, the country has stepped up efforts under the program, with greater emphasis on systematic restoration and on consolidating earlier gains.
Decades after the first trees took root, a new challenge emerged. Poplars planted decades ago for their rapid growth began reaching the end of their life cycle, with large numbers of trees dying, while forests dominated by a single species were more vulnerable to pests and disease.
Making a forest was one challenge. Keeping it healthy for another generation is another.
Shi Jianyang grew up watching his grandfather and father work to hold back the sand. His father, Shi Zhanjun, spent years planting trees alongside Shi Guangyin before dying in a road accident in 2008 while transporting saplings.
As a boy, Shi Jianyang sometimes resented the work that had taken his father. He spent summer holidays in makeshift tents in the sandy land, eating meals gritty with sand. During planting season, his father would return home with painful blisters in his mouth.
Yet he eventually chose forestry himself.
After studying forestry technology in university, Shi returned home in 2020 and began working in desert control. His team, initially made up of just seven or eight young locals, later brought in university graduates with expertise in soil science, landscaping and pest control.
The younger generation faced a different question: not simply how to make trees survive, but how to make a forest last.
Shi and his team spent more than 40 days in a 5,000-mu woodland setting up sample plots, measuring rainfall, studying soil microorganisms and tracking tree lodging. They proposed renewing aging forests with better-planned forest structures and expanded the planting of Mongolian pine, a long-lived evergreen species that had been successfully tested locally.
To date, about 50,000 mu of land has been planted with Mongolian pine. As some trees fail to survive and require replacement in subsequent planting seasons, the cumulative area of planting operations has reached about 65,000 mu.
Technology has also changed daily work. Drones patrol forests from the air, mechanized equipment dig planting pits, and irrigation can be managed remotely. Sapling survival rates, which Shi Guangyin's generation had raised to about 80 percent through improved sand-control and planting methods, have climbed further to about 92 percent with greater mechanization and more precise management.
Shi said the changes can be felt on the ground. Strong sandstorms have become rare, winds are weaker inside the forest, and the ground stays moist longer after rain. Summer days beneath the trees also feel cooler, while morning dew appears more often. The changes lead him to rethink desert control.
His approach also reflects a broader effort in China's desert regions to link ecological restoration with local livelihoods, giving communities a stronger economic stake in protecting restored land.
With his grandfather's support, Shi and his team have been looking for ways to make better use of the restored land as ecological conditions improve. They have developed potato seedlings suited to sandy soil, promoted greenhouse farming, and set up a livestock cooperative, while increasingly growing potatoes, watermelons and peppers on land once prone to losing water and nutrients.
Shi has also turned to livestreaming e-commerce to market potatoes and other local farm produce, while developing forest-based health and leisure projects. More than 2,000 local residents have seen their incomes rise steadily as farming, livestock breeding and other businesses have developed.
"We used to fear the sand and keep away from it. Now we understand it and know how to make use of it," Shi Guangyin said. "Today, there are opportunities to make a living everywhere in this sandy land."
Across Yulin, forest coverage has risen from 1.8 percent in 1949 to 34.8 percent, while shifting dunes that once encroached on villages have been brought under control.
For Shi Jianyang, however, the green landscape is not proof that the work is finished. "Planting a tree is not difficult," he said. "The difficult part is looking after it for decades."
The grandfather generation learned how to stop the sand. The young generation is learning how to make what grew there last.
    Shi Jianyang (R) and his grandfather check tree growth in a forest area in Dingbian County in Yulin City, northwest China's Shaanxi Province in 2026. (Xinhua)
。    　　8月份以来，国内焦炭价格呈现连续上行走势，累计最大涨幅已突破20%。
　　8月24日下午收盘，国内期货市场焦炭主力合约报收2152.5元/吨，单日涨幅近3%，盘中最高达2185元/吨，月内最大涨幅超过22%。A股市场上，8月24日煤炭板块走势整体偏强。截至下午收盘，Wind煤炭指数涨2.28%，个股中大有能源、上海能源、美锦能源悉数涨停，新集能源涨超8%、昊华能源涨超6%。　　现货市场上，据卓创资讯数据，7月份钢铁行业需求季节性转弱，终端负反馈加剧传导，焦炭价格阶段性回落，焦化厂、钢厂焦炭库存增至高位。但8月份焦煤供应恢复仍不及预期，在铁水产量止跌回升，终端需求趋于好转情况下，焦煤价格再次强势上涨，焦化厂亏损加剧，减产、检修情况增加，焦炭供需收紧，社会库存高位回落，焦炭供需基本面改善。

二 | 　　8月初焦炭价格第三轮提降落地，累计下调150元/吨至165元/吨，降幅8.27%。随后由于原料端焦煤价格未降反升，导致焦化厂亏损加剧，开工意向明显下滑，焦炭供应收缩，库存高位回落。截至8月21日，山西吕梁S<1主焦煤市场均价收于2200元/吨，累计上涨325元/吨，涨幅17.33%，同比涨54.39%。

三 | 　　“由于焦煤供应偏紧，市场采购积极，价格持续偏强，成本端强势拉涨，终端需求持续偏弱，多空博弈下，钢厂延迟接受焦炭首轮提涨。

四 | 8月24日起焦炭价格整体上调50元/吨至55元/吨。”卓创资讯分析师刘璐璐表示，随着焦煤涨幅扩大，入炉煤成本持续攀升，焦化厂亏损压力不断增加，山西顶装焦开工负荷多数降至6成至7成，捣固焦企开工负荷集中于8成，焦炭供应量明显收缩。而在需求端，煤焦货紧价高预期下，钢厂采购积极性明显提升，催货情况较多，投机贸易需求也有增加，钢厂焦炭库存小幅下滑。成本端，焦煤价格维持涨势，焦炭入炉煤成本仍在上涨，成本端支撑强劲。　　“焦煤供给刚性收缩，焦企深度亏损倒逼焦炭提涨，是本轮焦炭价格上行的根本原因。山西瘦主焦、低硫主焦核心产区安全检查持续从严，叠加零星安全事故扰动，大量停产矿井复产进度不及预期，部分矿井阶段性反复停产，炼焦精煤增量释放受限。”上海钢联焦炭行业分析师张磊表示。　　刘璐璐给出的数据也显示，8月份焦化厂自主减产、检修情况不断增加，焦化整体开工负荷呈下滑趋势。

五 | 截至8月20日，全国主流独立焦企开工负荷71.44%，较上月均值降3.6个百分点。根据卓创资讯调研了解，目前山西多数焦化厂限产20%—30%，整体开工负荷集中在7-—8成，部分顶装焦化厂开工负荷降至6成左右，焦炭供应收缩明显。最新焦化厂焦炭库存可用天数降至1.52天，较月初下降0.55天，降幅26.19%。

六 | 　　对于焦炭后市，刘璐璐认为，山西停产焦煤矿井复产进程缓慢，焦煤供应紧张格局难有改善，价格易涨难跌，焦化厂开工负荷难有提升，焦炭供应增量难度较大；下游高炉检修有集中复产预期，钢材需求季节性好转，铁水产量将有明显回升，支撑焦炭消耗增加，焦炭供强需弱局面将逐渐扭转，供需明显收紧。在消耗增量、焦炭供应收缩情况下，钢厂增库难度较大，焦化厂前期积累库存将明显消化，焦炭整体社会库存下滑为主。基于9月份焦炭供需关系明显收紧，叠加原料成本端偏强预期，预计9月份焦炭价格偏强运行为主。　　张磊则认为，焦炭首轮提涨由焦煤供给收紧、焦企深度亏损共同驱动。当前焦炭供应边际收缩、焦企库存去化是直接推手；钢厂盈利偏弱压制提涨多轮落地空间。首轮提涨落地存在博弈，中性预期有效落地1轮至2轮。后期需持续跟踪山西炼焦煤复产放量、蒙煤通关数据、高炉复产、检修节奏、钢材成交及钢厂利润修复情况。（文章来源：证券时报）。

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Published on:01:15:21